In addition to that, global climate change would also result in shortage of rain in some regions and excessive rainfall in others. The mountainous regions being located high and having slopes would be unlikely to get flooded like the low lying or flat regions. Other than that, most of the big rivers start from mountains. This means that even in extreme situations, people living in high and mountainous regions would not suffer from the scarcity of water.

However, in terms of availability of food, it is a cause of concern as cultivation is not very easy in hilly regions. For centuries, people living in mountainous regions have been undertaking subsistence farming. If a farming technique is developed which allows people to grow sufficient amount of food in mountainous regions, then more than half of the problems would be solved.

At present, mountainous regions are not densely populated. But, if climate change forces people living in low lying areas to flee to higher regions, then it may lead to deforestation as people would be forced to cut trees to establish settlements.

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